Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-‘Abbās al-Ṣūlī (Arabic: أبو بكر محمد بن يحيى بن العباس الصولي) (born c. 870 Gorgan – died between 941 and 948 Basra) was a Turkic scholar and a court companion of three Abbāsid caliphs: al-Muktafī, his successor al-Muqtadir, and later, al-Radi, whom he also tutored. He was a bibliophile, wrote letters, editor-poet, chronicler, and a shatranj (chess) player.[1] His contemporary biographer Isḥāq al-Nadīm tells us he was “of manly bearing.”[2] [3][4][5][6] He wrote many books, the most famous of which are Kitāb Al-Awrāq and Kitāb al-Shiṭranj.