Ignoring the fact that backwardness, at the human level, is a distinct mode of existence with its own unique psychological, intellectual, and relational dynamics, has led researchers of backwardness, development scholars, and, behind them, the political leaders who decide on social change processes, into a predicament. This has resulted in a waste of considerable effort, time, and material resources, bordering on extravagance\u2014a level of waste that a backward society, burdened with heavy responsibilities, cannot afford. All of these entities embarked on grandiose development projects, glamorous and prestigious, based on partial studies and plans that rarely penetrated beyond the surface. These projects failed to delve into the dynamics of the backward structure, on the one hand, or into the psychological and intellectual makeup of the backward individual they sought to develop, on the other. Plans were imported from models that had been implemented and succeeded in industrialized countries, but these plans did not progress far. Imported experiences and projects imposed from abroad proved ineffective, and those with a propagandistic and showy character failed to transform the structure of society as a whole or to elevate the individual within that society.<\/p>\n
This is because the individual in these societies has not been considered a fundamental and central element in any development plan. Development, regardless of its field, is primarily the price of changing the individual and their perspective. Therefore, it is essential to place matters within their proper human context and to take into account the characteristics of the population group whose lifestyle is to be improved. Consequently, it is necessary to study these characteristics and understand their structure and dynamics. This is the aim of this endeavor, despite its limitations, which aspires to pave the way for field-based psychological research that seeks to understand the underdeveloped individual in their specific circumstances and in a vivid and realistic manner, thus forming the foundations of a psychology of underdevelopment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
This is a socio-psychological analytical study that examines the impact of social oppression on the formation of human personality and behavior, and reveals the mechanisms that produce weakness and submission within traditional social structures.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26005,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_cat":[837,835,834],"product_tag":[1359,1163,1089,1343],"class_list":{"0":"post-26007","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-psychology","7":"product_cat-sociology","8":"product_cat-philosophy","9":"product_tag-philosophy","10":"product_tag-social-sciences","11":"product_tag-sociology","12":"product_tag-thought","13":"pa_book-author-mustafa-hijazi","15":"first","16":"onbackorder","17":"sale","18":"shipping-taxable","19":"purchasable","20":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/26007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26007"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=26007"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=26007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}