{"id":29714,"date":"2026-06-15T15:59:42","date_gmt":"2026-06-15T15:59:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/product\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84%d9%89\/"},"modified":"2026-06-15T16:01:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T16:01:45","slug":"%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84%d9%89","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/product\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84%d9%89\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to Early Civilizations"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>From the publisher Dar Al-Rafidain: In this book, Le Bon analyzes and critiques how early peoples rose to the level of civilization. He discusses the reasons for their rise and decline, and the factors that played a role in their civilizational cycles, both upward and downward. He examines their social and religious systems, the emergence of customs and traditions, the beginnings of law, the family, industry, governments, the development of language, and much more. He interprets historical events and facts using the laws of psychology and the principle of evolution, which lends the book a rare intellectual and engaging style characteristic of the author&#8217;s other works on early civilizations. Furthermore, Professor Muhammad Sadiq Rustum&#8217;s translation is no less masterful than the original text in its fidelity, accuracy, and avoidance of ambiguity and complexity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The book explores the development of early human societies and the rise of civilizations, analyzing the social, religious, and moral factors that contributed to the advancement or decline of peoples, while offering a historical and intellectual perspective on human development throughout the ages.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":29712,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_cat":[839,835,834],"product_tag":[1072,1359,1163,1343],"class_list":["post-29714","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-history-and-geography","product_cat-sociology","product_cat-philosophy","product_tag-history","product_tag-philosophy","product_tag-social-sciences","product_tag-thought","pa_book-author-gustave-le-bon","first","onbackorder","sale","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/29714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29714"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=29714"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/awraqonline.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=29714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}