Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Abdullah ibn al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Sina al-Balkhi, then al-Bukhari, known as Ibn Sina, was a Muslim scholar and physician of Persian origin, renowned for his work in medicine and philosophy. He was born in the village of Afshana, near Bukhara (present-day Uzbekistan), to a father from the city of Balkh (present-day Afghanistan) and a village mother. He was born in 370 AH (980 AD) and died in Hamadan (present-day Iran) in 427 AH (1037 AD). He was known as Sheikh al-Ra’is, and Westerners called him the Prince of Physicians and the Father of Modern Medicine in the Middle Ages. He authored 200 books on various topics, many of which focused on philosophy and medicine. Ibn Sina (Avicenna) is considered one of the first people in the world to write about medicine, following the approach or method of Hippocrates and Galen. His most famous work is the Canon of Medicine, which remained the primary reference in the science of medicine for seven consecutive centuries. His book (The Canon of Medicine) remained the mainstay of teaching this art until the mid-seventeenth century in European universities. Ibn Sina is considered the first to accurately describe primary meningitis, describe the causes of jaundice, describe the symptoms of bladder stones, and pay attention to the effect of psychological treatment on healing. The Book of Healing.