Karl Heinrich Marx (German: [kaˈɐ̯l ˈhaɪnʀɪç ˈmaː̯ks], born in Trier on May 5, 1818 – died in London on March 14, 1883) was a German philosopher, critic of political economy, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist, and socialist revolutionary. He studied law and philosophy at the universities of Bonn and Berlin. In 1843, he married the German theater critic and political activist Jenny von Westphalen. Due to his political publications, he was stripped of his citizenship, leaving him stateless for decades while living in London with his wife and children. During his lifetime, he developed his ideas in collaboration with his friend Friedrich Engels. His most famous writings are The Communist Manifesto and Capital in its three volumes. His political and philosophical thought had a tremendous influence on world intellectual and economic history, and his name was used to describe a highly developed school of thought, Marxism.