Mahathir bin Mohamad (Javanese: Muhadhir bin Mohamad) (born 10 July 1925) is a Malaysian politician, writer, and physician who served as Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1981 to 2003 and again from 2018 to February 2020, a total of 24 years, making him the longest-serving Prime Minister in the country’s history. Prior to becoming Prime Minister, he was Deputy Prime Minister and held several ministerial portfolios. He was also a Member of Parliament for Langkawi from 2018 to 2022, for Kubang Pasu from 1974 to 2004, and for Kota Star Selatan from 1964 to 1969. His political career spanned more than 75 years, beginning with his participation in protests against the Malay Federation’s citizenship policies for non-Malays in the 1940s and leading to the founding of the Gerakan Tanah Air coalition in 2022. He is known as the “Father of Modernity” (Baba Pemudinan). He is now 99 years old and is the oldest living former Malaysian prime minister.