Description
Modernity drew its roots from the Enlightenment philosophy, which proclaimed the centrality and individuality of humankind. It asserted that human reason alone possessed sufficient capacity to explain the self, its environment, and the surrounding universe without need for revelation or divine guidance, and that this explanation constituted a coherent whole transcending its scattered parts. This rational, materialistic philosophy largely succeeded in marginalizing the spiritual dimension of humanity in the public sphere.
The epistemological framework of modernity’s materialism soon gave rise to profound questions that led to postmodernity, which deconstructed humanity, denied its centrality, and delivered it into nihilism. After the decline of human essence in favor of the machine, the market, and power, under modernity, it was reduced to something one-dimensional (body, sex, pleasure) under postmodernity.
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